阎纯德 北京语言大学
Yan, Chunde, Beijing Language and Culture University
原文Original
中国的发展与汉学的未来
一种文化的产生，总是建立在一个民族一个国家政治、经济的基础上的。如果将汉学视为中国文化有着姻亲关系的一种相对独立的文化形态，那么它的发展和命运，总是离不开中国的发展和与之相关联的中国文化的发展。
汉学的诞生、生长与发展是中国文化与异质文化互相碰撞、交流、融合之后的一种独特的文化，它既是中国的，亦是外国的，其历史可谓悠久。从久远的汉唐时期说起，中国文化就与异国文化——尤其与中国周边国家和欧洲国家——有了亲密交流；这种交流不仅是物质的，且有文化的；即使在明末清初汉学的真正建立时期，至今这数百年的历史也凸现了中国文化的强大魅力。
汉学的发生是人类文化史上一个独特的文化现象。所以会有这一独异的现象，一是一以贯之的中国数千年的文明史，成为人类文明史上最辉煌的一页，它的源远流长文化自然成了各国学者仰慕和研究的对象，二是远自汉唐以降，历经了宋元明清的强势政治、经济和文化的推动，既带来了西学东渐，也带去了中学西传。自此，汉学的元素便注入了人类文化的长河之中，汉学的基础也便在中外文化的交流与融合中扎下了根基。
汉学的生长、发展与繁荣需要两种语境，即中国历史语境和异国历史语境。这种语境的和谐既是文化交流的推进器，也是汉学生长的阳光和雨露。当然，这种“和谐”任何时候都是相对的，无论是过去，还是今天，民族与民族，国家与国家，总会因为民族利益或民族信仰，致使不同文化发生摩擦或冲突。但是，这种摩擦和冲突，就是异质文化的相遇、碰撞和“对抗”，继而就会在互相理解、谅解、尊重的基础上孕育新的和谐。这个过程对汉学的成长自然会造成影响。
21世纪资讯网络的高度发展将促进汉学和汉学研究的繁荣。这种进步，将使中外文化更快地接近，使传统和现代相融，使文化嬗变更新。从比较文化视野出发，文化的部分的有限的现代转型，必将使丰富的汉学和汉学研究之成果得到更大的发展和丰富。
译文Translation
The Development of China and the Future of Sinology
The emergence of a culture is always based on the political and economic basis of a nation. If we perceive sinology as a relatively independent cultural form which has some innate relationship with the cultures of China, then the development and fate of sinology is always linked to the development of China and the development of the cultures of China.
The birth of sinology, its growth and development was a process of the encounter, dialogue and combination of the cultures of China with cultures that were essentially different, thus sinology is a unique culture, it is Chinese and foreign, and it has a long history. Since the Tang Dynasty the cultures of China had already close dialogue with the cultures of other nations, especially with the neighboring nations and with the countries of Europe. This kind of dialogue was not only material, but it was also a cultural dialogue. At the time of Late Ming and Early Qing sinology was established, and in this history of several hundred years it has shown the strong attractivity of the cultures of China.
The emergence of sinology is a special cultural phenomenon in the history of the cultures of the world. There are two factors in this unique phenomenon: first, the several thousand years of rather unified cultural history of China became one of the most glorious pages in the history of humankind, the ancient cultures of China naturally became the object of admiration and research of the scholars of many lands. Secondly, since the Han and the Tang dynasties and after the powerful dynasties of the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing, which promoted the development of politics, economy, and culture, elements of Western learning were brought in, and elements of Chinese learning were spread abroad. Since then the elements of sinology were disseminated in the long stream of the cultural history of mankind, and the foundations for sinology could be laid in this dialogue and intermingling of cultures.
The birth, development and prosperity of sinology needs two contexts, namely the context of Chinese history and the context of the histories of other countries. The harmony between these two contexts is the promoting force for cultural dialogue, and it is also the sunshine and rain for the growth of sinology. Of course, this “harmony” is always a relative concept, whether in past or present. There will always be different peoples and nations, there are ethnic interests or beliefs, and thus there will be frictions or conflicts between different cultures. However, these frictions and conflicts are the encounters, clashes and “mutual resistances” of essentially different cultures and these conflicts may lead to a new harmony on the basis of mutual understanding, forgiveness, and respect. This process will naturally influence the growth of sinology.
The high development of the internet will support the prosperity of sinology and sinological studies. This progress will bring Chinese and foreign cultures faster together, it will merge tradition and the present time, it will renew and rejuvenate the cultures. Seen from the perspective of the comparison of cultures, a partial modernization of the cultures will necessarily affect that creative sinology and sinological studies will see a greater development and enrichment.