索罗宁 俄罗斯圣彼得堡大学
Solonin, Kirill, University of St. Petersburg
原文Original
Tangut Buddhism in the East Asian Context
Since the discovery of the vast collection of texts the Tangut script in 1908, the Tangut language and culture continue to attract scholarly interest. However, the research efforts of the scholarly community are mostly concentrated on the issues connected with linguistic studies.
Study of Tangut religion and culture (with a few lucky exceptions) remains collateral to the linguistic research and has not received sufficient scholarly attention. The suggested project will fill some of the gaps in the scholarly understanding of the evolution and contents of the Buddhist faith in the Tangut state during the 10-12th centuries, based primarily on the texts from Khara-Khoto collection and relevant Chinese sources, and to locate the Tangut Buddhist texts within broader framework of East Asian Buddhism during the period prior to the Mongol conquest of China.
The project will probe into several instances of cross-cultural influences so as to clarify the actual relationship between Buddhism in the Song, Khitan Liao and Tangut Xixia realms as well as to demonstrate the actual nature of Chinese influence on the formation of the Tangut Buddhist complex.
The primary goal of the project is to contextualize the contents of a number of known Tangut Buddhist texts, which apparently belong to the realm of Chinese Buddhism with regard to the suggested existence of the tradition of the “Northern Buddhism”, since Tangut and Liao texts, in both Chinese and Tangut scripts, apparently provide the most sufficient body of evidence for the research of this tradition. This is especially interesting for the texts which definitely belong to the domain of Chinese Buddhism, but are not found in the Chinese versions.
The texts mentioned in this paper will constitute the primary basis of this project, but additional sources in both Tangut and Chinese will be used to provide the most comprehensive view possible of Northern Buddhism so as to reveal its unique qualities and its relationship with other contemporary Buddhist traditions of China proper. The project will involve re-reading and retranslating of previously researched texts and careful analysis of their contents, which would allow us to trace the sources of the traditions which they represent.
译文Translation
东亚语境中的西夏佛教
自从1908年大量的西夏文献手稿被发现之后，学界对西夏语言和文化的学术兴趣持续升温。但是，学界的研究工作多集中在与语言学相关的问题之上。
对西夏宗教和文化的研究一直是语言研究的副产品（只有少数例外），而且相关学术研究一直未能引起学界充分重视。本文所涉及的研究将填补学界在理解十至十二世纪期间西夏王国的佛教信仰及其演变上的某些空白。这一研究主要以黑水城文献和相关的中文资料为基础，将西夏佛教文献置于蒙古占领中国前更为广阔的东亚佛教框架内加以考察。
这一研究将深入探讨几个跨文化影响的案例，以便澄清宋、契丹辽和西夏各国佛教之间的实际关系，同时阐明中华文化对西夏佛教整体形成所产生影响的实际性质。
这一研究的主要目标是将一些已知的西夏佛教文献放回其产生环境加以考虑。就其所显示的“北方佛教”传统而言，这些佛教文献可以很确定地归入中国佛教范畴。不管是中文抄本还是西夏文抄本，西夏和辽国的文献都明确提供了在研究这一传统时所需要的最充分依据。最有意思的是，某些文献肯定属于中国佛教的范畴，但是中文佛教文献中却找不到相应的文本。
本文中所提及的文献将构成这一研究的主要基础，但同时也会参考其他西夏文和中文材料，尽可能提供有关“北方佛教”的最完整看法，以显示其独一无二的特性，以及这一传统与同时代其他中国本土佛教传统之间的关系。这一研究包括重读并重译以前被研究过的文献，仔细分析其内容，这将使我们得以追溯它们所代表的诸传统之渊源。