王政尧 中国人民大学
Wang, Zhengyao, Renmin University of China
原文Original
辅国公鄂多台与《车王府曲本》研究
《车王府曲本》是中国戏剧发展史中的一部重要文献。1925年秋，逾千册的剧本、曲本出现在北京宣南西小市的书摊上，摊主云是“车王府”的曲本。
此后，学界对于这批曲本属于哪个车王府的藏本，认识不一。但是，这些前辈先贤和当代名家为我们今后的研究提供了广阔空间、奠定了重要基础。笔者拟从探寻其笫一售书地点入手，结合自清以来的《实录》、日记、口述、档案、名家论著等官私史著，提出：
1、出售《车王府曲本》的笫一售书处是在北京市西四大红罗厂（旧）21号；
2、上述售书地址不是车王府，而是鄂公府；
3、鄂公府的主人是蒙古土谢图汗中右旗镇国公衔辅国公鄂多台及其子车林端多布；
4、鄂公爷是位大戏迷、是当时名满京师的京剧班社富连成的超级粉丝；
5、鄂公府逐渐演变成“车王府”并在此售出《车王府曲本》的原因是多方面的，首先，鄂多台与蒙古土谢图汗中右旗扎萨克多罗郡王车林巴布是从兄弟，他们是亲戚，关系密切。其二，自民国元年始，鄂多台正式授命总管车王府府务，自此，车王府大小事务均出自鄂多台之手。随之而来的便是东四三条东口的车王府越来越“门前冷落车马稀”。其三，鄂多台酷爱京剧，自然对府上的剧本、曲本大有兴趣，而车林巴布对此却没有有关他喜爱京剧的记载；其四，鄂多台为其子起的名字与车王车林巴布的“车林”一词二字及排序完全一样，如车林端多布、车林桑都布……；其四，不可小视的“摊主所云”和其他口述历史；
6、从《车王府曲本》的剧种成份及相关记载，收藏这些曲本应是他们的前辈所为。
简言之，围绕着《车王府曲本》的车王应是清蒙古土谢图汗中右旗扎萨克多罗郡王车林巴布，而其中的关键人物则是蒙古土谢图汗中右旗车林巴布之弟、镇国公衔辅国公鄂多台。另，约定俗成的《车王府曲本》称谓应称之为《清蒙古车王府藏曲本》。以上所述，属一家之言，不敢自必，敬请方家学者赐教。
译文Translation
A Study of Fuguo Duke E Duotai and the Che Wang Fu Book of Verse
The Che Wang Fu Book of Verse [1] is a very significant work in the history of Chinese drama. In autumn 1925, over a thousand scripts and handwritten copies of the so-called Che Wang Fu Book of Verse became available in the bookstalls in the small town of Xuan to the southeast of Beijing.
Although no consensus has been reached regarding the originality of these books of verse, early researchers have laid a solid research foundation from which further exploration can be undertaken. This study explores the initial selling location of Che Wang Fu Book of Verse, through a review of relevant authentic documentation, diaries, narrative transcripts, archives and numerous published and unpublished works on the topic.
The main findings of my research are as follows:
1. The initial selling location of Che Wang Fu Book of Verse was 21, Dahong Luochang, Xisi, Beijing (old address).
2. The above-mentioned selling location was not for Che Wang Fu, but rather for E Gong Fu.
3. The patron of E Gong Fu was Fuguo Duke E Duo Tai. He came from Zhong Youqi Town in Tu Xie Tu Han, Mongolia. His son was called Che Lin Duan Duo Bu.
4. Duke E Duotai was a drama aficionado, and a fanatic of the well-known Fu Liancheng Peking Opera Class.
5. Many factors point to the fact that E Gong Fu was gradually turned into Che Wang Fu, at the spot where Che Wang Fu Book of Verse was initially sold. The first factor was that E Duotai and Che Lin Ba Bu (governor of Zha Sa Ke Duo Luo Country, Mongolia) were brothers and had a very close relationship. Secondly, since the first year of the Republic (1912), E Duo Tai was officially assigned to be the head of Che Wang Fu, with responsibility for various business matters. At that time Che Wang Fu in the Dong Kou of Dong Si San Tiao became more and more desolated. Thirdly, E Duotai was a devotee of Peking opera, and had a natural interest in the hand-written scripts and books of verse of E Gong Fu, but there is no evidence to show that Che Lin Ba Bu had any interest in Peking Opera. Fourthly, the name given to E Duo Tai’s son, Che Lin, was exactly the same as Che Lin Duan Duo Bu, Che Lin San Du Bu; Fifthly, the oral transcripts of important figures such as the bookstall owner should receive due attention. Lastly, from the components of the Che Wang Fu Book of Verse and the relevant records, the collection of these books of verse was made by their ancestors.
In brief, the tentative conclusion of the present study is that the conventionally accepted wisdom that Che Wang Fu books of verse should become the Qing Dynasty Che Wang Fu Book of Verse of Mongolia is still debatable.
Notes:
[1]Translator’s note: a Qu is a type of verse for singing which emerged in the southern Song and Jin Dynasties and which became popular in the Yuan dynasty.