A Survey of Sinology and Chinese Teaching in India Since 1937

BANERJEE, Avijit
Visva-Bharati University

China and India are two great civilizations of the world with a history of rich traditional culture. Since ancient times there has been a two way exchange in various fields of material and cultural civilization. This communication between the two countries not only enriched their cultures, but also formed the motive force for evolution of Chinese and Indian societies. Looking back at the two-thousand-year-history of sino-Indian communication, it is clear that cultural contact plays a fundamentally supportive and prominent role in this communication and language has been the cornerstone for cultural exchange. Two languages—Sanskrit and Chinese—have become the tool of communication between the people of the two countries. In recent years, like in many other countries of the world, Chinese language teaching in India has gained popularity, and Sinological study, or Chinese studies as it is popularly known in India, has become an important topic of research. 

Sinology in India since 1937 can be roughly divided into three phases-

1. 1937 to 1947

2. 1947-1988

3.1988-till date 

The year 1937 can be considered as a turning point in the Sinological study and Chinese teaching in India and one of the World’s greatest literary celebrity Tagore was the pioneer in   introducing Chinese studies to India.  Tan Yunshan, P.C.Bagchi and others made important contribution in the development of Chinese studies in India. This article will try to throw light on the various aspects of Sinology and Chinese teaching in India since 1937.

 

对1937年以来的印度汉学和汉语教学的调查

阿维杰特
印度维斯瓦巴拉蒂大学

中国和印度是世界上两大具有悠久传统文化史的文明，自古以来就有在物质 和文化等各方面的双向交流。两国间的交流不仅丰富了双方的文化，也成为推动中国和印度社会发展的动力。回顾印中两千年的交流史，可以清楚发现文化接触在交 流中发挥了显著作用，而语言也已成为文化交流中的基础。梵语和汉语这两种语言已成为两国人民交流的工具。近些年来，与在世界上其他许多国家的情况一样，汉 语教学在印度也渐受欢迎；汉学研究或称中国学在印度已广为人知，并成为一个非常重要的话题。

1937年以来的印度汉学可大致分为三个阶段：1. 1937 到1947；2. 1947到1988；3.1988至今。1937年被认为是印度汉学和汉语教学的一个转折点，全世界最伟大的文豪之一泰戈尔是把中国学介绍到印度的先驱。谭云山、师觉月（P.C.Bagchi）等人为印度中国学的发展做出了重要贡献。本文将试图阐明1937年以来印度汉学和汉语教学领域中各方面的情况。