孔子学院与世界多元文化交流

葛剑雄
复旦大学

孔子学院应坚持“推广汉语”的宗旨，不能因前期的成绩或外界的需求而改变，否则在人才、师资、经费等方面不相适应，也易引起外界误解。应视条件许可，另建中国文化中心推广、传播中国文化；依托高校或研究机构，另建孔子研究院或其他中国文化研究机构满足海外有志于中国文化研究的专家学者的需要。现有孔子学院应根据实际需要和前期绩效作适当调整，或继续扩充，或紧缩 合并；或全额资助，或据考核结果补助，或承认其资格后由民间自办。孔子学院要讲究实效，避免符号化、政治化。在有条件的国家，应争取将孔子课堂进入公共教 育体系，为此应尽快培训出符合所在国要求的师资。推广语言不能取代翻译的作用，应大力推动以世界主要语言高质量地翻译中国文化的经典和优秀作品。孔子学院 应配备中文与所在国语言对照的基本读物。中国应进一步实行文化开放，允许各国按对等的原则来华推广其语言文化，为国民学习各种外语，了解各种文化提供条件，建设先进文化。

Confucius Institute and the Global Multicultural Exchange

Ge Jianxiong
Fudan University

Despite the challenges of the past and demands from others, the Confucius Institute should continue to main the aim of “promoting Chinese language.” Without such a focus, many problems may arise in personnel, teaching staff, finances, etc., which may in turn cause many misunderstandings. It may at some point be necessary to establish new centers for the promotion and spread of Chinese culture apart from the Confucius Institute. This may include the cooperation with institutions of higher learning or research institutes in order to set up “Confucius Research Academies” or other Chinese culture study centers, so as to satisfy the demands of those experts and scholars overseas who are determined to study Chinese culture. The existing Confucius Institutes should, according to their actual need and past results, make suitable adjustments.  This may include the expansion or reduction of institutes, receive full financial support, or potentially be run by non-government organizations. The Confucius Institute needs to be efficient and avoid formalism and political influence. In countries that offer good conditions, the courses of the Confucius Institute should enter the system of common public education; for this purpose, teachers should be trained in compliance with the local education standards in an expedited fashion. The propagation of language cannot substitute translation work. Thus one should also promote a high quality translation of the Chinese classics and outstanding works into the local languages. The Confucius Institutes should also provide some basic reading material in Chinese and in the local languages. China should also continue to open up in the area of culture and, equally so, allow representatives from all countries to promote their languages and cultures in China. In this way they would create better conditions for our people to learn foreign languages and to understand the cultures of these countries, thus building modern culture.