论海外知识分子对鲁迅的几种接受方式：以韩国近百年接受鲁迅为例

朴宰雨
韩国外国语大学

鲁迅1918年在《新青年》上发表《狂人日记》以后，世界各地的知识分子开始关注、阅读和翻译鲁迅的作品。笔者首先将韩国翻译与研究接受鲁迅的历史分为六个阶段：第一阶段（1920-1945.8）可以说是黎明期；第二阶段（1945.8-1950.6）是一时露面期；第三阶段（1950.6-1979）是长期开拓期（1955-1979）；第四阶段（1980年代）就是急速成长期；第五阶段（1990年代）是成熟发展期，第六阶段（2000年以后）可以说是平淡的扩大深入期。其次，从接受鲁迅精神的社会实践方面着眼，又可分为三个时期：日本帝国主义严酷统治下的第一个时期；光复后李承晚的独裁与长期军事独裁统治的第二个时期；民主主义在21世纪步入正轨的第三个时期。最后，按照时代语境的变化及个人兴趣，我们还可以将接受鲁迅的知识分子类型分为：实践家型、思想家型、创作家型、研究家型、一般读者型等等。

总之，韩国接受鲁迅与日本相似，都是世界各地知识分子接受鲁迅的代表性范例。各种类型都有，而且个别人物的情况具有独特的意义。我们在这篇论文里，对这些接受鲁迅影响的知识分子进行具体的考察与分析，以期增加各种类型分类的说服力。

The Different Ways How Foreign Intellectuals Appropriated Lu Xun: The Case of Korea During the Last Century

Park Jao Woo
Hankuk University of Foreign Studies

After Lu Xun had published his Diary of a Madman in the periodical Xin Qingnian in 1918, intellectuals all over the world started to be interested in Lu Xun's works, and they read them,

As to the process of how Korean scholars translated and appropriated Lu Xun, I have divided it into six periods: the first period can be called “dawn” (1920 August-1945 August), the second period was a kind of ephemeral appearance (August 1945-June 1950 June), the third period (1950June-1979) was an age of lasting advance (1955-1979). The fourth period (the 1980s) was a period of fast growth, the fifth period (1990s) was the time of maturation, and the sixth period (after 2000) can be called a period of calm expansion and deepening. From the perspective of social practice we can divide the different stages of the appropriation of Lu Xun in three periods: the first period was the rule of Japanese Imperialism; the second period was the despotism of I Seungman (1948-1960) and the long period of military rule; and the democratic rule that led into the 21st century can be seen as the third period. In Korea the intellectuals who appropriated Lu Xun can be divided according to these historical contexts and according to their personal interests, and we can perceive the following models: the model of activists, the model of idealists, the model of creative authors, the model of researchers, and the model of common readers.

Just like the Japanese appropriation of Lu Xun, the Korean appropriation of Lu Xun is one case of how intellectuals all over the world accepted Lu Xun. There are all kinds of different models, and the situation of special people acquires special meaning. In this essay we have meticulously analyzed the different intellectuals who were influenced by Lu Xun, and this analysis has enhanced the persuasive power of our division in different models.