“中德二元”与“易道源一”——卫礼贤与劳乃宣交谊与合作之中国文化背景

叶隽
中国社会科学院

本文以卫礼贤与劳乃宣的交谊为中心，探讨20世纪前期中德知识精英的交谊，指出 劳乃宣所代表的中国传统文化象征意义，以及《易经》德译过程所蕴含的东方智慧传承的自觉意识。通过劳乃宣、卫礼贤的易经合作，即其精神承传与文化流播的轨 迹看来，当清民之际，中国文化精神虽然花果飘零，但却一线犹存，更以一种淡泊姿态飘然出世，这是中国文化的大智所在。而易经智慧的再度更新，意味着中国文 化将以一种更加平和的姿态出现在国际平台之上。如果说，莱布尼茨时代以一种新知探求的热烈强化了《易经》的“西方在场”；那么，20世纪以来的世界，初步 借助德译《易经》的中介功用（尤其是劳乃宣与卫礼贤的合作），为世界精英，尤其是西方精英的知识域扩展提供了最佳范本。需要特别强调的是德国知识精英卫礼 贤，而非他人实现了这样一种经典传播的特殊途径，则充分体现出“中德二元”的特殊意义。

The “Dualism between China and Germany” and the “One Origin of Yi and the Dao” – The Chinese Cultural Background of the Friendship and Collaboration of Richard Wilhelm and Lao Naixuan

Ye Jun
Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

This paper focuses on the dialogue between Richard Wilhelm and Lao Naixuan – a friendship between intellectual elites of Germany and China in the early-20th century. The two collaborated on the translation of the Yijing.  Lao Naixuan represented the symbolic meaning of traditional Chinese culture, and the German translation of the Yijing meant a consciousness of inheriting the wisdom of the East. This occurred as the spirit of Chinese culture was fading with the end of the Qing era and the beginning of the Republican era.  The renewed interest in the spirit of the Yijing meant that Chinese culture would appear on the international platform in an attitude of peace. If we say that the era of Leibniz had a renewed interest in new knowledge, then this interest strengthened the appearance of the Yijing on the “western scene,” and then the intermediary function of the rudimentary translation of the Yijing into German (especially in the collaboration between Lao Naixuan and Richard Wilhelm) is the best model for the spirit of the world, especially for the expansion of the knowledge of western intellectuals. It needs to be specially emphasized that the German intellectual Richard Wilhelm, and not someone else, realized this particular way of spreading knowledge about the classics, and this fully expresses the special meaning of the “Dualism between China and Germany”.